Risks of Cancer Using Statins an Example of the Topic Health Essays by

Risks of Cancer Using Statins Introduction HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors or popularly known as Statin falls under hypolipidemic drugs, which is commonly used to decrease cholesterol levels in people at risk or with cardiovascular disease. (Branett, pp. 40-41) Several studies were conducted by cancer experts that presented evidences of statin drugs preventing different types of cancer. Need essay sample on "Risks of Cancer Using Statins" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Statins Lower Prostate Cancer Risk Latest research presented that the popular drug statin is really good for more than the heart as it decreases the risk of advanced prostate cancer by 50% based on more than 30,000 men during a 10-year study.Elizabeth Platz, ScD, MPH, a Cancer Epidemiologist of Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore found the effects of statin promising. The longer men took statins, the lower the risk of advanced prostate cancer, she said.A new study was presented during the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research. The study showed that 34, 000 men were free of prostate cancer in 1990.Every two years, Platz studied these men if they use statins and whether they are diagnosed with prostate cancer. Platz and her team confirmed the diagnosis if these men declared they had cancer.Approximately 2,000 men had prostate cancer, wherein 283 cases were advanced prostate cancer, while most of them are having spread outside the prostate.Looking unto the statistics of t hose who had statins and those who had not, people who used statins lessen the chance of advance prostate cancer by 50%.(Laino, webmd) Statin use and Breast Cancer in Older Women Experts tested their hypothesis that older women reduce breast cancer if they use statins.The test was conducted at four community-based clinical centers in US, using 7528 participants of Caucasian women in their 70s. In 244 cases, joined pathology reports and medical records showed main outcome measure was breast cancer that is identified over an average of 6.8 years.Over 576 women were reported using statins. The age-adjusted incidence of breast cancer was 3.1/1000 person-years among statin users, 1.4 among women using other lipid-lowering agents, and 5.0 among nonusers. After adjustment for age and body weight, the relative risk of breast cancer among statin users was 0.28 (95% confidence intervals, and among women who used other lipid-lowering drugs, it was 0.37 (95% CI 0.14-0.99) in comparison to nonusers.Tests showed that statin drug users reduced 68% of risk in breast cancer.They therefore conclude those older women who used statins may have decreased the risk of breast cancer . The widespread use of statins by older women will have a great public health impact.(Cauley, doi:10.1089) Statins may cut risk of Colon Cancer Another benefit of using statin drugs may ward off colon cancer according to the American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) A study was led by Stephen Gruber, MD, PhD, of the University of Michigan using 1,608 participants of Israelis infected by colorectal cancer and 1,734 participants of Israelis free from disease. Gruber and his colleagues checked on the participants lifestyle factors that could influence colon cancer risk and their use of statins.From observation, the participants taking statin drugs for 5 years or more cut their risk of colon cancers than those who not.Out of all the participants, only 267 used statin drugs that long, while 95% of them used other cholesterol lowering-drugs. These drugs such as fibrates, pravachols, and zocors did not demonstrate any effect on the risk of colon cancer.(cancer.org) Statins shown to prevent Lung Cancer Researchers of Medical Center in Louisiana State University and the Overton Brooks VA conducted a study using data collection of a large population of 483, 733 patients (composed of cancer-free and with lung cancer) over 6 years in VA Health Care System.From the total population, 7, 280 participants had lung cancer while 163, 662 were having stamin drugs. The use of stamins was defined as time of usage prior to lung cancer diagnosis and/or time of usage until the data gathering was finished.In the results, it was found out that using statins for 6 months or more reduces the risk of lung cancer up to 55%. Taking in statin drugs for more than 6 months will decrease chances of lung cancer across all age groups, whether smoker or not.(sciencedaily.com, 2007) Statins not effective cure for cancer Two studies showed that Statins do not reduce or cure any kind of cancer.First is a study at Journal of the American Medical Association, wherein scientists picked 27 former articles tackling 87,000 patients and studied overall cancer risks. Next, is at the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, wherein researches took 132,00 people in American Cancer Society and studied them primarily focusing on colon cancer.Patients should not take statins in hopes of preventing any cancer. The drugs cost 2 to 3 dollars a day and pose a risk of damaging liver and muscles, said Michael White, Professor at the University of Connecticut states.(preventdisease.com)Not only that statin is not effective as cure for cancer, it might even provoke cancer because of the lowering in cholesterol.It is suspected that some cancer cases rooted from statins as a consequence of the low levels of bad LDL cholesterol produced by taking them. Conclusion Many studies were already conducted that demonstrated how statins can lower the risk of various cancers. Based from some laboratory and animal studies, statins provide protective effects.Although studies proved that statin drugs decrease the risks of certain cancers such as prostate, this is the first time that experts tracked medication use before the study participants developed cancer, Platz stressed.We are not yet ready to prescribe statins for patients who do not have an abnormality, said Dr. Vikas Khurana of Louisiana State University, an author of the statin study, stressing to people with high cholesterol.The studies tackled above are really promising, but lots of stringent experiments and studies should be done before doctors recommend statin drugs to their patients as cancer prevention. As statins continue to present good effects, its not impossible that it can develop side effects particularly in liver and muscles. Before they prescribe statins as a cancer prevention drug, they should first secure the risks of possible side effects.There could be a greater risk in the long run than the early benefits it gives to patients. References: Branett, Megan. Statins. U.S. News and World Report v. 135 no. 22 (Dec. 22, 2003) pp. 40-41 Jane A. Cauley, Statins on Breast Cancer. Journal of Women's Health. 2003, 12(8): 749-756. doi:10.1089/154099903322447710. Laino, Charlene. Prostate Cancer and Statins. From website http://www.webmd.com retrieved January 4, 2008. Cholesterol Drug cutting Colon Cancer. Statins preventing Lung Cancer. Statins dont help with cancer.

Electronics sba Essays

Electronics sba Essays Electronics sba Essay Electronics sba Essay By conducting an Interview with Manager of Company The use of the Internet Cow. Com The data collected was carefully manipulated and arranged in the order requested. Information was recorded from the business and pictures were taken from the site. Engineers Sales Environment Managerial Finance Accounting Communications Human Resources Flow Chart Showing Career Opportunities and their responsibilities Our working hours are: 7. AMA to 4. Pm and 8. AMA to 4. Pm Monday to Thursday 7. AMA to 3. Pm and 8. AMA to 3. Pm on Fridays The Issuing of Receipts Signing of Contracts Special Promotions LIME is governed by the National Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (.NET). In order to have any special promotions they must consult with the .NET, permission is granted if the .NET agrees. Example: Rates they either reduce or Increase them. There is a dress code and all employees are expected to adhere to this policy when wearing the uniforms provided by the company. Protective gears are provided to their technicians and field staff which forms part of their uniforms ( overalls, goggles, safety belts, safety boots, helmets) etc. In case of power shorts there are: Generators which come on automatically, UPS and Battery backup systems. Technology processes become easier or simplified, employees are constantly being trained, customers are happier a more developed work force, training of employees in other areas of business. With the improvement in technology and simplifying of processes can lead to a decrease in the number of employees. Therefore having a negative impact on people who do not have any technical skills. So the impact of technology can be Negative and Positive. A nation that is technologically advanced can become a more productive nation, in hat, it can produce more, research becomes easier, more Jobs may be created as new industries are created. College and university students in the Caribbean have better access to resources and courses because the region is now linked up to the academic internet connecting further education institutions across the world. In addition to increasing learning opportunities, the [emailprotected] broadband network we created will also improve research in the Caribbean, with academics now able to more easily interact and share data with other experts in their field. Security Cameras Alarm Systems Monitoring Systems GAPS Tracking Electronic Security Access Security Guards LIME is committed to making continuous improvements in the management of our environmental impact as part of our goal of developing a sustainable business. This company work to promote environmental care and awareness with emphasis on the need to reduce energy consumption, carbon emissions and waste production. These include the following; Safe disposal of waste Use of backup generators when their are power outages

Corporate Governance Implications of Financial Fraud Dissertation

Corporate Governance Implications of Financial Fraud - Dissertation Example Student’s family name: First names: Student ID No: Course: Supervisor: Dissertation Title: Corporate Governance Implications of Financial Fraud Declaration I certify that this dissertation is my own work. I have read the University regulations concerning plagiarism. I am willing to allow the university to use my dissertation as a sample for future students. Financial statement fraud and Ponzi schemes involving Board Chairpersons and senior figures in public companies wasted billions of dollars of investor capital to threaten markets and public interest. These scandals forced legislatures and regulators to question whether inadequacies in corporate governance contributed to a higher propensity for fraud and how best to correct these. Although it is true that corporate governance alone is not the only reason for financial statement fraud, it makes sense to try to encourage boards to discharge their responsibilities with due and diligent care. Because a corrupt board will propaga te fraud, it makes sense to emphasize the independence of boards from management and independence of individual directors to ensure effective boards. Only independent boards capable of exercising due diligence without negative influences exerted on audit committees, and auditors can ensure transparency and a commitment to ethical conduct must come from the top. For this dissertation, a literature review and case studies for selected early 21st-century fraud scandals serve to conceptualize corporate governance implications of financial fraud using inductive research. However, the research presented avoids a more extensive study involving examination of a far larger number of fraud cases from fraud databases using statistical methods in an attempt to lean towards conceptual development. (This page intentionally left blank) CHAPTER 1:   The corporate scandals of the early 21st century shocked the financial community around the world to present an impetuous for government regulatory a ction to try to correct the prevailing laxity in safeguards against corporate fraud (Causseaux, 2007, pp. 151 – 152). In the United States of America, scandals surrounding Enron, WorldCom, Aldephi, and HealthSouth were a topic of discussion for many even though financial fraud was to continue to prevail in many other parts of the world.